TIKS4DRR


 Armed / Social Conflict

A social conflict is a situation where two or more people or groups try to gain power or resources at the expense of each other due to economic inequality, political oppression, cultural differences, or ideological beliefs. Social conflicts can occur at different levels of society, such as between individuals, families, communities, classes, races, genders, religions, or nations (Blakeley, 2023).

Social conflicts in Darfur (Novanews)

Types of Earthquakes

Where a group of people exhibit unruly behavior and express their opposition or anger towards another group, an authority, a policy, or a situation, often in a public space.

Concerns government or territory or both where the use of armed force between two parties, of which at least one is the government at a national or international level, results in at least 25 battle-related deaths in a year (UNDRR, 2017)

Secondary hazards

Biohazards

The civil war in Yemen has caused the worst cholera outbreak in history, with over 2.3 million suspected cases and 4000 deaths since 2016.

Fire and Explosion.

In Afghanistan, more than 10,000 people have been killed or injured by landmines and explosive remnants of war since 2013.

Environmental Contamination

The conflict in Syria has led to the loss of 40% of the forest cover, the depletion of groundwater resources, and the increase of greenhouse gas emissions.

Examples of Traditional and Indigenous knowledge

  • In Rwanda, after the 1994 genocide that killed about 800,000 people, the government and civil society revived the traditional Gacaca courts, which are community-based justice mechanisms that involve the participation of survivors, perpetrators, and witnesses. (Pathania, 2020) (ACCORD, 2019).
Dukawa people in Tungan Tankari village in Kebbi State of Nigeria (Wikimedia commons)
  • In the Philippines, the indigenous Teduray people have a traditional code of laws and practices, called the Tef Bangsamoro, that regulates their social, political, and economic affairs (Gebretsadik, 2022).

References

ACCORD. (2019). https://www.wilsoncenter.org/article/conflict-resolution-practices-skills-orientations-indian-context. Retrieved from https://www.accord.org.za/conflict-trends/traditional-methods-of-conflict-resolution/

Blakeley, S. (2023). Social Conflict Theory in Sociology | Examples & Contributors. Retrieved from study.com: https://study.com/academy/lesson/social-conflict-theory-in-sociology-definition-lesson-quiz.html

Gebretsadik, H. G. (2022). Indigenous Conflict Resolution: Social Institutions and their Role in Peacebuilding in Ethiopia‟s Gamo Community. Retrieved from International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science: https://www.rsisinternational.org/journals/ijriss/Digital-Library/volume-6-issue-4/01-14.pdf

Pathania, J. M. (2020). Conflict Resolution Practices, Skills & Orientations in the Indian Context. Retrieved from Wilson Center: https://www.wilsoncenter.org/article/conflict-resolution-practices-skills-orientations-indian-context

UNDRR. (2017). Disaster Risk Reduction Terminology. Retrieved from The Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) Glossary: https://www.undrr.org/drr-glossary/terminology

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